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Impotence Treatments
Most
physicians suggest that impotence treatments should proceed from least to most invasive.
Cutting back on drugs with harmful side effects should be considered first. If you think
a particular drug is causing erection problems, contact your doctor and
ask to try a different medication.
Psychotherapy and behavior modification in select patients is considered
next, followed by oral or locally injected drugs, vacuum
devices, and surgically implanted devices. In rare cases, surgery involving
veins or arteries may be considered.
Impotence
Psychotherapy
Treatments
Experts
often treat psychologically-based erectile dysfunction using techniques that decrease
anxiety associated with intercourse. The patient's partner can help with the
techniques, including gradual development of intimacy and stimulation.
Such techniques can also relieve anxiety when treating erectile dysfunction from physical causes.
Impotence
Drug Therapy
Treatments
Drugs for
treating ED can be taken orally, injected directly into the penis, or
inserted into the urethra at the tip of the penis. In March, 1998, the Food
and Drug Administration (FDA) approved
Viagra,
the first pill to treat male impotence. In August, 2003, the FDA
approved a
second oral medicine,
vardenafil hydrochloride (Levitra) and Cialis (tadalafil). Additional oral medicines
are being tested.
Taken an
hour before sexual activity,
Viagra (Sildenafil Citrate), Cialis and
Levitra enhance the effects of nitric oxide, a chemical that relaxes muscles in the penis during sexual stimulation and allows increased blood
flow.
While oral
medicines improve response to sexual stimulation, they do not trigger automatic erections as injections do. The recommended dose for
Viagra
is 50 mg, and physicians may adjust this to 100 mg or 25 mg,
depending on the patient.
The recommended dose for Levitra is 10 mg, and physicians may adjust this to 20 mg if insufficient. Lower
doses of 5 mg and 2.5 mg are available for patients taking other medicines
or have conditions that may affect the body's ability to use Levitra.
The recommended dose for
Cialis is 20mg and effects last up to 36 hours.
None of
these drugs should be used more than once daily. Men who take nitrate-based
drugs such as nitroglycerin for heart problems should not use them because the combination may cause a sudden decrease in blood pressure. Also, Levitra
should not be taken with alpha-blockers, which are used to treat prostate enlargement or high blood pressure.
Oral
testosterone can reduce erectile dysfunction in men with low levels of natural
testosterone, but it is often ineffective and may cause liver damage.
Patients have also claimed that other oral drugs--including Yohimbe
hydrochloride, dopamine and serotonin agonists, and trazodone--are
effective, but the results of studies to substantiate these
claims have been inconsistent. Also, Yohimbe has potentially toxic effects.
Many men
achieve stronger erections by injecting drugs into the penis, engorging
it with blood. Drugs such as papaverine hydrochloride,
phentolamine, and alprostadil (marketed as Caverject) widen blood vessels.
These drugs may create unwanted side effects, including persistent
erection (known as priapism) and scarring. Nitroglycerin, a muscle relaxant,
can sometimes enhance erection when rubbed on the penis.
A system
for inserting a pellet of alprostadil into the urethra is marketed as Muse.
A pre-filled applicator delivers the pellet about an inch
deep into the urethra. An erection will begin within 8 to 10 minutes and may
last 30 to 60 minutes. Common side effects include aching in the penis,
testicles, and area between the penis and rectum; warmth or a burning
sensation in the urethra; redness from increased blood flow to the penis;
and minor urethral bleeding or spotting.
Research on
drugs for treating erectile dysfunction is increasing. Patients should ask their doctor
about the latest advances.
Herbal Ingredients for Overall Health & Help ED Conditions
There are multiple causes of impotence and low sex drive, ranging from mild (low sex drive, weak erections, lack of energy, slow and weak ejaculation) to severe (total inability to achieve erection and complete lack of sexual desire).
These causes can be:
- Cardiovascular (i.e. restricted blood flow, high blood pressure, heart disease, hypertension, and atherosclerosis)
- Renal or urological
- Nutritional (i.e. malnutrition, vitamin or mineral deficiency)
- Endocrine (i.e. low testosterone or high prolactin)
- Neurological
- Muscular & tissue-related
- Psychological (i.e. stress, anxiety, etc.
Increasing your health in these areas, you can often resolve sexual dysfunction issues. This is perhaps where natural herbal supplements provide the greatest benefit to a man's total sexual performance.
Three Herbs That Work Like Viagra
If you are looking for herbal alternatives to
Viagra, backed by research, we present a number of such herbs below.
Shilajit (Viagra effect)
The anti-stress and adjuvant effects of Shilajit have been evaluated in numerous Indian studies. Shilajit provides an anti-oxidant defense against several reactive oxygen types. Processed Shilajit provides complete protection to methacrylate against hydroxyl radical-induced polymerization, and acts as a reversible nitric oxide-captodative agent. These findings are consistent with therapeutic uses of Shilajit as an ayurvedic (rejuvenator) against oxidative stress and geriatric complaints of erectile dysfunction.
Horny Goat Weed (Viagra effect)
Horny goat weed has been used for over 2000 years as a sexual and reproductive tonic. It acts to increase erection ability, size, and fullness.
Horny goat weed contains a flavonoid called icariin. Icariin is a cGMP-specific PDE5 inhibitor like Viagra, Cialis and Levitra, as demonstrated in a 1984 University of Peking study.
It also functions as an adaptogen by increasing levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine when they are low-promoting energy-but reduces cortisol levels when elevated (an anti-stress effect), which causes fatigue and depresses sex drive.
Finally, horny goat weed can restore low levels of both testosterone and thyroid hormone back to normal, improving sex drive.
Allium Sativum - Garlic (Viagra effect)
Yes, good old garlic. In two different 1998 studies-one from the National University of Mexico and another from the Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy in Munich, Germany-garlic was shown to "activate nitric oxide synthase", or enhance the nervous system's ability to react to nitric oxide.
Also, there are multiple studies compiled by the Sloan-Kettering Cancer Institute demonstrating garlic’s aid in preventing and having curative effects on several medical conditions which often cause ED. These conditions include high blood pressure, heart disease, hypertension and atherosclerosis.
Two Herbs Shown Highly Effective at Treating ED
Mucuna Pruriens
Mucuna pruriens works as a prolactin inhibitor, a growth hormone stimulant, and to increase testosterone.
A US patent was filed in 2002 on the use of mucuna pruriens to stimulate the release of growth hormone in humans. High levels of l-dopa in the mucuna seed are converted to dopamine, which stimulates the release of growth hormone by the pituitary gland. L-dopa and dopamine are effective prolactin inhibitors.
Increased levels of prolactin are considered responsible for 70% of erection failure in men. In one study, ingestion of the seeds in 56 males improved erection, duration of coitus, and post-coital satisfaction after four weeks of treatment. It also promotes spermatogenic effects in men, improving sperm count and motility.
Tribulus Terrestris
Tribulus is a natural testosterone enhancer. It is also said to be an excellent circulatory system tonic, and can help build muscles and strength.
Clinical studies on the sexual activity-enhancing effect of tribulus have shown it to contain protodioscin, a saponin constituent, improving libido in men with impotence due to various causes, libido in women with menopausal symptoms, and sperm motility in infertile and subfertile men.
In another study involving 59 men, ages 22-67 and suffering from a range of sexual dysfunctions, an increase in sexual desire and fantasies, as well as sexual self-confidence, was reported in almost all patients. The subjective experience of pleasure, joy and satisfaction was reported in 80%, erection improved in over 75%, and the duration of intercourse before ejaculation was prolonged in 25%.
See reviews of
Herbal Supplement Products.
Impotence
Vacuum Device
Treatments
Mechanical
vacuum devices cause erection by creating a partial vacuum, drawing
blood into the penis, engorging and expanding it. These devices have three
components: a plastic cylinder into which the penis is placed, a pump
which draws air out of the cylinder, and an elastic band, placed
around the base of the penis to maintain erection after the cylinder is
removed, and remains during intercourse to prevent blood from flowing back into
the body (see figure 2).
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Figure
2.
A vacuum-constrictor device causes an erection by creating a partial
vacuum around the penis, drawing blood into the corpora cavernosa. Pictured are the necessary components: (a) a plastic
cylinder, which covers the penis; (b) a pump, which draws air out of
the cylinder; and (c) an elastic ring, which, when fitted over the
base of the penis, traps the blood and sustains the erection after
the cylinder is removed. |
One
variation of the vacuum device involves a semi-rigid rubber sheath
placed on the penis which remains after erection is attained, and during
intercourse.
Impotence
Surgery
Treatments
Surgery involves one of three goals:
-
to implant a device that
causes the penis to become erect.
-
to reconstruct arteries to
increase blood flow to the penis.
-
to block veins that
allow blood to leak from penile tissue.
Implanted
devices, known as prostheses, can restore erection in many men with ED.
Problems with implants include mechanical breakdown and infection,
although mechanical problems have been reduced through
technological advances.
Malleable implants usually consist of paired rods inserted surgically into
the corpora cavernosa. The user manually adjusts the position of the penis
and, therefore, the rods. Adjustment does not affect the width or length of
the penis.
Inflatable
implants consist of paired cylinders surgically inserted into
the penis and expanded using pressurized fluid (see figure 3). Tubes
connect the cylinders to a fluid reservoir and pump, also
surgically implanted. The patient inflates the cylinders by pressing the
pump, located in the scrotum. Inflatable implants can
expand the length and width of the penis. They also leave the penis
in a more natural state when not inflated.
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Figure 3.
With an inflatable implant, erection is produced by squeezing a small
pump (a) implanted in a scrotum. The pump causes fluid to flow from a
reservoir (b) residing in the lower pelvis to two cylinders (c) residing
in the penis. The cylinders expand to create the erection. |
Surgery to
repair arteries can reduce erectile dysfunction caused by
obstructions that restrict blood flow. The best candidates for such surgery are young men with discrete
artery blockage because of groin injury or fracture of the
pelvis. The procedure is almost never successful in older men with
widespread blockage.
Surgery to
veins that allow blood to leave the penis usually involves a reverse procedure--intentional blockage. Blocking veins (ligation) can reduce blood leakage that diminishes penis rigidity during
erection. However, experts have questioned the long-term
effectiveness of this procedure, and it is rarely done.
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